From Grok:
An EB-5 visa is a type of immigrant visa in the United States that allows foreign nationals to obtain permanent residency (a green card) by investing in a U.S. business that creates jobs. It’s part of the Employment-Based Fifth Preference category, hence the name “EB-5.” The program was created by Congress in 1990 to stimulate the U.S. economy through foreign investment.
To qualify, an investor typically needs to invest a minimum of $1.05 million in a new commercial enterprise. However, if the investment is in a Targeted Employment Area (TEA)—either a rural area or a region with high unemployment—the minimum drops to $800,000. The business must create or preserve at least 10 full-time jobs for U.S. workers within two years of the investor’s admission as a permanent resident.
The process starts with a conditional green card, valid for two years. If the investment and job creation requirements are met, the investor can apply to remove the conditions and get full permanent residency. It’s a path not just for the investor but also for their spouse and unmarried children under 21.
It’s popular among wealthy individuals seeking U.S. residency, though it’s not without risks—investments can fail, and the program has faced scrutiny over fraud in some cases. Still, it’s a legitimate avenue for those with the capital and patience to navigate it.
